How is accumulated depreciation calculated?

Accumulated depreciation is calculated by taking the item’s annual depreciation and multiplying it by its age. This method reflects the decrease in value of an asset over time due to wear and tear, age, or obsolescence. By applying the annual depreciation amount for each year the asset has been in service, you arrive at a total that represents the total depreciation accumulated to date. This approach provides a straightforward and effective way to quantify how much of the asset's original value has been consumed over its useful life.

Other methods mentioned in the other choices do not directly relate to the standard calculation of accumulated depreciation. For example, subtracting the replacement cost from the market value pertains to valuation assessments rather than depreciation calculation. Likewise, dividing the estimated lifespan by total expenses does not yield a clear measure of depreciation. Finally, adding annual depreciation to the replacement cost doesn’t provide an accurate accumulated depreciation figure; instead, it could misrepresent the asset’s value.